Obesity and cardiovascular disease
Obesity and cardiovascular disease
Isang malawak na pagpipilian ng mga gamot mismo pati na rin ng mga pamamaraan para sa pagbawas ng gamot mula sa mataas na presyon ang nagbibigay-daan sa iyo na pumili ng pinaka-komportableng programa ng paggamot – ang abot-kaya sa gastos, na may minimal na pagpapakita ng mga side effect, at isinasaalang-alang ang ibang kasamang sakit. Kapag matagal ang pag-inom ng tabletas at binabago ng doktor ang gamot, ito ay dahil ang ilang gamot ay may katangian na magdulot ng pagkagumon, na nagreresulta sa kaunting pagbaba ng bisa nito. Bukod dito, hindi lahat ng grupo ng gamot ay angkop para sa mga pasyente sa iba't ibang edad, at may mga limitasyon din sa pagiging compatible nito sa ibang uri ng gamot.
ЧИТАТЬ ДАЛЕЕ ...
Obesity and cardiovascular disease: A critical connection Obesity, as a pathologically increased percentage of body fat, defined as having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of ≥30 kg/m 2 represents a worldwide increasing health problem. Numerous studies have shown a close connection between obesity and an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary heart disease (CHD), congestive heart failure, stroke, and arterial hypertension. Pathophysiological Mechanisms The connection between obesity and CVD is mediated by multiple pathophysiological processes: Metabolic Syndrome. Obesity is often associated with insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia (elevated triglycerides, low HDL-cholesterol), and hypertension. These factors, together with the so-called metabolic syndrome, which increases the cardiovascular risk is significant form. Inflammatory reactions. Adipöses tissue, in particular visceral fat, acts as an endocrine-active Organ and secretes Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin‑6 (IL‑6). Chronic inflammatory processes promote atherosclerosis formation. Endothelial dysfunction. Adipocytes influence the production of Adipozytokinen (e.g., Adiponectin, Leptin), which leads to disruption of the vascular endothelial function and vasodilation is impaired. Mechanical Stress. Increased body weight increases the work load of the heart, which can lead to left ventricular hypertrophy, and later of heart failure. Epidemiological Data According to the WHO estimates, over 650 million adults worldwide suffer from obesity. Epidemiological studies show: An increase in BMI of 5 kg/m 2 is associated with a doubling of the risk for coronary heart disease. In obese patients, the risk of stroke is increased by 40-60%. Obesity is associated in 70% of cases with arterial hypertension. Clinical Implications A weight reduction of 5-10% of initial body weight results in obese persons to a significant improvement in metabolic parameters: Lowering blood pressure Normalization of blood glucose levels Improvement of the lipid profile Reduction of inflammatory markers Prevention and therapy A multimodal approach for the prevention and treatment of obesity-associated cardiovascular diseases is essential: Diet: low-calorie, fiber-rich diet with a reduced content of saturated fatty acids and sugar. Movement therapy: at least 150 minutes of moderate physical activity per week. Drug therapy: in case of increased cardiovascular risk drugs for lowering blood pressure, lowering cholesterol or blood sugar control is necessary. Bariatric surgery for severe obesity (BMI≥40 kg/m 2 ) or BMI≥35 kg/m 2 with co-morbidities, the operating weight reduction in life can have the effect of increasing. Conclusion Obesity is disease a major, modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The early identification of obese patients, and a targeted Intervention for weight reduction can reduce the cardiovascular risk and the quality of life and life expectancy improve. Interdisciplinary care is of paramount importance.
Minsan lang na biglaang pagtaas ng presyon o bahagyang mataas na resulta ay hindi palaging nangangailangan ng agarang pag-inom ng tableta. Lahat ng rekomendasyon ng mga espesyalista at ang mga magagamit na paraan ng pag-iwas ay mukhang simple lang, pero sa aktwal na buhay, ang maingat na pag-aalaga sa kalusugan ng dugo at sistema ng puso ay nakakaiwas sa biglaan at sobrang hindi kanais-nais na pagtaas ng presyon. Obesity and cardiovascular disease.
The drug provision of cardiovascular diseases
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Resorts Cardiovascular Diseases
https://devt.emodas.cy/articles/1060-cardiovascular-diseases-diseases-10.html
http://www.spb-03.com/articles/49659-diabetes-mellitus-is-the-cause-of-cardiovascular-diseases.html
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